The part of the spectrometer that analyzes the process by which a mixture of ionic species is separated according to the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The analysis may be qualitative and/or quantitative.
Quadrupole mass spectrometers consist of an ion source; ion optics to accelerate and focus the ions through an aperture into the quadrupole filter; the quadrupole filter itself, with control voltage supplies; an exit aperture, an ion detector, detection electronics, and a high-vacuum system.
Single focusing analyzers: A circular beam path of 180, 90, or 60 degrees can be used. The various forces influencing the particle separate ions with different mass-to-charge ratios. Double Focusing analyzers: An electrostatic analyzer is added in this type of instrument to separate particles with a difference in kinetic energies.
Other unlisted, specialized or proprietary mass analyzer design.
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Electron impact ionization (EI) source uses an electron beam, usually generated from a tungsten filament, to ionize gas-phase atoms or molecules. An electron from the beam knocks an electron off of analyte atoms or molecules to create ions.
Chemical ionization refers to the formation of new ionized species when gaseous molecules interact with ions. The process may involve transfer of an electron, a proton, or other charged species between the reactants.
Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary ionization method.
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Electron multiplier tubes (EMT) are similar in design to photomultiplier-tubes. They consist of a series of biased dynodes that eject secondary electrons when they are struck by an ion. They therefore multiply the ion current and can be used in analog or digital mode.
A Faraday cup is a metal cup that is placed in the path of the ion beam. It is attached to an electrometer, which measures the ion-beam current. Since a Faraday cup can only be used in an analog mode, it is less sensitive than other detectors that are capable of operating in pulse-counting mode.
Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary detector type.
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The panel uses digital keypads or menus for programming.
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Serial ports or interfaces can be used for serial communication, in which only one bit is transferred at a time. Examples include RS232, RS422, RS485, USB etc.
Other unlisted or specialized computer interface, such as modem, transmitter, TTL, etc.
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No integral display. Output is read and displayed remotely.
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This is the full required range of ambient operating temperature.
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