Wavelength range refers to the dispersion of the grating across the linear array; also expressed as the "size" of the spectra on the array.
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Dynamic range, sometimes known as linear dynamic range or linear range, the analyte concentration range over which response is a well defined (usually linear) function of the analyte concentration. The dynamic range can be increased by varying instrumental parameters, such as choice of analyte absorption line or decrease of absorption path length and sample volume.
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Flame atomic absorption is a very common technique for detecting metals and metalloids in environmental samples. The technique is based on the fact that ground state metals absorb light at specific wavelengths. Metal ions in a solution are converted to atomic state by means of a flame. Light of the appropriate wavelength is supplied and the amount of light absorbed can be measured against a standard curve.
Graphite furnace (GFAAS) is a highly sensitive spectroscopic technique that measures each element sequentially. The analytical method is optimized for each element by using different furnace parameter adjustments and matrix modifiers.
Other unlisted or unspecified vaporization methods. Carbon rod, tantalum boat atomization, vapor generator.
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The part of the instrument that converts radiant energy from the light source to electricity. Typically a photomultiplier tube, but may also be a solid-state detector in more modern instrumentation.
Photomultiplier tubes are photo-detectors with adjustable voltage, which translates optical tube (PMT) signals into electrical current. Increasing the PMT voltage increases the output signal for a given amount of light.
Photodiodes are semiconductor devices used to detect light and generate an electrical current. They are typically used in forward scatter (FSC) detection.
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The panel uses digital keypads or menus for programming.
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A port, or interface, that can be used for serial communication, in which only one bit is transferred at a time. Examples include RS232, RS422, RS485, USB, etc.
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No integral display. Output is read and displayed remotely.
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Background correction is a technique usually employed relative to the determination of trace metals to compensate for stray light emission and various spectral interferences, which would bias analytical results.
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In some applications, the sample temperature must be controlled either by the spectrometer or a circulating water bath to get a stable and correct reading. If the spectrometer has a thermostat, the temperature can be controlled.
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Intrinsically safe (IS) is an adjective for equipment and wiring incapable of releasing sufficient electrical or thermal energy under normal or abnormal conditions to cause ignition of a specific hazardous atmospheric mixture in its most ignited concentration. The IS terminations and wiring may be brought into any hazardous location of any group classification for which it is accepted without requiring explosion proof housing or other means of protection.
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Portable spectrometers are modular devices that are designed for ease of transport and assembly. Rugged enclosures, PC interfaces, and customizable software packages are common features for the portable device.
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This is the full required range of ambient operating temperature.
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